He then wrote about his climb, making allegorical comparisons between climbing the mountain and his own moral progress in life. His companions who stayed at the bottom he called frigida incuriositas ("a cold lack of curiosity"). He states that he went to the mountaintop for the pleasure of seeing the top of the famous height. One of the earliest known records of taking pleasure in travel, of travelling for the sake of travel and writing about it, is Petrarch's (1304–1374) ascent of Mont Ventoux in 1336. Chinese travel literature of this period was written in a variety of different styles, including narratives, prose, essays and diaries, although most were written in prose. Travel writers such as Fan Chengda (1126–1193) and Xu Xiake (1587–1641) incorporated a wealth of geographical and topographical information into their writing, while the 'daytrip essay' Record of Stone Bell Mountain by the noted poet and statesman Su Shi (1037–1101) presented a philosophical and moral argument as its central purpose. In China, 'travel record literature' ( Chinese: 遊記文學 pinyin: yóujì wénxué) became popular during the Song dynasty (960–1279). The travel genre was a fairly common genre in medieval Arabic literature. As early as the 2nd century CE, Lucian of Samosata discussed history and travel writers who added embellished, fantastic stories to their works. Handwritten notes by Christopher Columbus on a Latin edition of The Travels of Marco PoloĮarly examples of travel literature include the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (generally considered a 1st century CE work authorship is debated), Pausanias' Description of Greece in the 2nd century CE, Safarnama (Book of Travels) by Nasir Khusraw (1003-1077), the Journey Through Wales (1191) and Description of Wales (1194) by Gerald of Wales, and the travel journals of Ibn Jubayr (1145–1214), Marco Polo (1254–1354), and Ibn Battuta (1304–1377), all of whom recorded their travels across the known world in detail. For a listing of places to see at a destination, see Guide book.
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